Sports Medicine
Elbow injuries climbing
Elbow injuries in climbing: causes, diagnosis and prevention
Climbing is enjoying increasing popularity and challenges the entire musculoskeletal system through its dynamic and often unpredictable movements. The elbow is one of the most stressed joints, as it must provide both strength and stability during gripping and holding movements. Elbow injuries are common among climbers and can significantly impair athletic activity.
Common elbow injuries when climbing
1. Climbing elbow (medial epicondylitis)
- Cause: Overuse of the flexor muscles in the forearm that attach to the medial epicondyle. This injury is comparable to golfer's elbow.
- Symptoms: Pain on the inside of the elbow that increases with pulling movements and heavy strain.
- Treatment: Rest, anti-inflammatory measures, physiotherapy and eccentric training.
2. Tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis)
- Cause: Overuse of the extensor muscles, especially the extensor carpi radialis brevis. This injury is less common but can also occur in climbers.
- Symptoms: Pain on the outside of the elbow that occurs with extension movements and pressure on the affected area.
- Treatment: Similar to climbing elbow, with a focus on stretching and strengthening exercises.
3. Tendonitis and irritation
- Cause: Repeated stress or sudden high tensile forces on the tendons of the elbow.
- Symptoms: Local pain, swelling and restricted movement.
- Treatment: Immobilization, cooling, anti-inflammatory medication and physical therapy.
4. Compression injuries of the ulnar nerve
- Cause: Excessive pressure or friction on the ulnar nerve, which runs along the inner elbow.
- Symptoms: Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the hand, especially in the ring and little fingers.
- Treatment: Adaptation of the technique, rest, nerve mobilization and, in severe cases, surgical relief.
5. Acute injuries such as dislocations or fractures
- Cause: Falls or heavy loads, especially during dynamic movements or slipping from the handle.
- Symptoms: Severe pain, misalignment and restricted movement.
- Treatment: Immediate medical care, possibly surgical stabilization.
Diagnostics
A precise diagnosis is crucial for initiating appropriate treatment. In addition to clinical examination, imaging techniques such as X-rays (if fractures are suspected) and MRI (to assess soft tissue damage) are used.
Prevention of elbow injuries while climbing
- Proper warm-up: Before climbing, targeted exercises should be performed to activate the forearm and elbow muscles.
- Technical training: Proper climbing technique reduces strain on the elbows. This includes the targeted use of the legs to relieve pressure on the arms.
- Regular breaks: Overuse is a common cause of injury. Allow sufficient recovery time to promote regeneration.
- Strength training: Exercises to strengthen the forearm, shoulder and core muscles stabilize the elbow and reduce the risk of injury.
- Stretching: Regular stretching of the forearm muscles can relieve tension and promote mobility.
- Tools: Wearing elbow supports can be supportive, especially in cases of recurring pain.
Conclusion
Elbow injuries are a common challenge for climbers and can result from both overuse and acute injuries. However, with precise diagnosis, targeted treatment, and consistent prevention, many injuries can be avoided or successfully treated. If symptoms persist, an early consultation with our orthopedic practice is advisable to avoid long-term limitations. We would be happy to help you achieve your climbing goals healthily and pain-free!